The list of parties to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty encompasses the states who have signed and ratified or acceded to the international agreement limiting the spread of nuclear weapons.
On 1 July 1968, the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) was opened for signature. Russia (a successor to the Soviet Union), the United Kingdom, and the United States are the three depositary states; states wishing to become parties to the NPT must deposit their instruments of ratification or accession with one of these three states. The treaty came into force and closed for signature on 5 March 1970 with the deposit of ratification of the three depositary states and 40 others. Since then, states that did not sign the treaty can now only accede to it. The instrument of ratification, accession, or succession is deposited at the respective capitals of the depositary states: Moscow, London, and Washington, D.C. China and France later acceded to the treaty in 1992.
As of July 2011, 189 recognized states are party to the treaty. Montenegro is the most recent state to have joined, submitting its instrument of accession on 3 June 2006.[1] In addition, Taiwan is not recognized as a sovereign state, but has accepted comprehensive IAEA safeguards and the measures of the Additional Protocol to verify that its nuclear program is entirely peaceful. North Korea was a party to the treaty but announced its withdrawal on 10 January 2003; its withdrawal became effective ninety days later.[1] Three states have never signed on to the treaty: India, Israel, and Pakistan. The NPT remains the most widely subscribed to arms control treaty in history.[2]
Contents |
Multiple dates indicate the different days in which states submitted their signature or deposition, varied by location. Where known, that location is noted by: (L) for London, (M) for Moscow, and (W) for Washington D.C.[3]
| State | Signed | Deposited | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 4 February 1970 (W) 5 February 1970 (M) 5 March 1970 (L) |
Ratification |
| Albania | 12 September 1990 (L) 14 September 1990 (M) 28 September 1990 (W) |
Accession | |
| Algeria | 12 January 1995 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Andorra | 7 June 1996 (L) 25 June 1996 (W) 2 July 1996 (M) |
Accession | |
| Angola | 14 October 1996 (W) | Accession | |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 17 June 1985 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Argentina | 10 February 1995 (W) 17 February 1995 (L) |
Accession | |
| Armenia | 21 June 1993 (M) 15 July 1993 (W) |
Accession | |
| Australia | 27 February 1970 (L, M, W) | 23 January 1973 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Austria | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 27 June 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Azerbaijan | 22 September 1992 (M) | Accession | |
| Bahamas | 11 August 1976 (L) 13 August 1976 (W) 30 August 1976 (M) |
Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Bahrain | 3 November 1988 (W) | Accession | |
| Bangladesh | 31 August 1979 (L, M) 27 September 1979 (W) |
Accession | |
| Barbados | 1 July 1968 (W) | 21 February 1980 (W) | Ratification |
| Belarus | 9 February 1993 (M) 22 July 1993 (W) 23 July 1993 (L) |
Accession | |
| Belgium | 20 August 1968 (L, M, W) | 2 May 1975 (L, W) 4 May 1975 (M) |
Ratification |
| Belize | 9 August 1985 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Benin | 1 July 1968 (W) | 31 October 1972 (W) | Ratification |
| Bhutan | 23 May 1985 (W) | Accession | |
| Bolivia | 1 July 1968 (W) | 26 May 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 15 August 1994 (W) | Succession from Yugoslavia | |
| Botswana | 1 July 1968 (W) | 28 April 1969 (L) | Ratification |
| Brazil | 18 September 1998 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Brunei | 26 March 1985 (W) | Accession | |
| Bulgaria | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 September 1969 (W) 18 September 1969 (M) 3 November 1969 (L) |
Ratification |
| Burkina Faso | 11 August 1969 (M) 25 November 1968 (W) |
3 March 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Burundi | 19 March 1971 (M) | Accession | |
| Cambodia | 2 June 1972 (W) | Accession | |
| Cameroon | 17 July 1968 (W) 18 July 1968 (M) |
8 January 1969 (W) | Ratification |
| Canada | 23 July 1968 (L, W) 29 July 1968 (M) |
8 January 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Cape Verde | 24 October 1979 (M) | Accession | |
| Central African Republic | 25 October 1970 (W) | Accession | |
| Chad | 1 July 1968 (M) | 10 March 1971 (W) 11 March 1971 (M) 23 March 1971 (L) |
Ratification |
| Chile | 25 May 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| China | 9 March 1992 (L) 12 March 1992 (M) 17 March 1992 (W) |
Accession | |
| Colombia | 1 July 1968 (W) | 8 April 1986 (W) 29 April 1986 (M) 30 April 1986 (L) |
Ratification?[4] |
| Comoros | 4 October 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Congo | 23 October 1978 (W) | Accession | |
| Costa Rica | 1 July 1968 (W) | 3 March 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 1 July 1968 (W) | 6 March 1973 (W) | Ratification |
| Croatia | 29 June 1992 (W) | Succession from Yugoslavia | |
| Cuba | 4 November 2002 | Accession | |
| Cyprus | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 10 February 1970 (M) 16 February 1970 (W) 5 March 1970 (L) |
Ratification |
| Czech Republic | 1 January 1993 (M, W) 5 April 1993 (L) |
Succession from Czechoslovakia Signed 1 July 1968 Deposited 22 July 1969 |
|
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 22 July 1968 (W) 26 July 1968 (M) 17 September 1968 (L) |
4 August 1970 (W) | Ratification as Zaire |
| Denmark | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 3 January 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Djibouti | 16 October 1996 (W) | Accession | |
| Dominica | 10 August 1984 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Dominican Republic | 1 July 1968 (W) | 24 July 1971 (W) | Ratification |
| Ecuador | 9 July 1968 (W) | 7 March 1969 (W) | Ratification |
| Egypt | 1 July 1968 (L, M) | 26 February 1981 (L) | Ratification |
| El Salvador | 1 July 1968 (W) | 11 July 1972 (W) | Ratification |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1 November 1984 (W) | Accession | |
| Eritrea | 16 March 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Estonia | 7 January 1992 (L) 31 January 1992 (W) |
Accession | |
| Ethiopia | 5 September 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 February 1970 (M) 5 March 1970 (L, W) |
Ratification |
| Federated States of Micronesia | 14 April 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Fiji | 21 July 1972 (W) 14 August 1972 (L) 29 August 1972 (M) |
Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Finland | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 February 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| France | 2 August 1992 (M) 3 August 1992 (L, W) |
Accession | |
| Gabon | 19 February 1974 (W) | Accession | |
| Gambia | 4 September 1968 (L) 20 September 1968 (W) 24 September 1968 (M) |
12 May 1975 (W) | Ratification |
| Georgia | 7 March 1994 (W) | Accession | |
| Germany | 28 November 1969 (L, M, W) | 2 May 1975 (L, W) | Ratification as West Germany Also East Germany Ratified 31 October 1969 |
| Ghana | 1 July 1968 (M, W) 24 July 1968 (L) |
4 May 1970 (L) 5 May 1970 (W) 11 May 1970 (M) |
Ratification |
| Greece | 1 July 1968 (M, W) | 11 March 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Grenada | 2 September 1975 (L) 3 December 1975 (W) |
Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Guatemala | 26 July 1968 (W) | 22 September 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Guinea | 29 April 1985 (M) | Accession | |
| Guinea-Bissau | 20 August 1976 (M) | Accession | |
| Guyana | 19 October 1993 (W) | Accession | |
| Haiti | 1 July 1968 (W) | 2 June 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Holy See | 25 February 1971 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Honduras | 1 July 1968 (W) | 16 May 1973 (W) | Ratification |
| Hungary | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 27 May 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Iceland | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 18 July 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Indonesia | 2 March 1970 (L, M, W) | 12 July 1979 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Iran | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 2 February 1970 (W) 10 February 1970 (M) 5 March 1970 (L) |
Ratification |
| Iraq | 1 July 1968 (M) | 29 October 1969 (M) | Ratification |
| Ireland | 1 July 1968 (M, W) 4 July 1968 (L) |
1 July 1968 (W) 2 July 1968 (M) 4 July 1968 (L) |
Ratification |
| Italy | 28 January 1969 (L, M, W) | 2 May 1975 (L, W) 4 May 1975 (M) |
Ratification |
| Jamaica | 14 April 1969 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Japan | 3 February 1970 (L, M, W) | 8 June 1976 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Jordan | 10 July 1968 (W) | 11 February 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Kazakhstan | 14 February 1994 (W) 21 March 1994 (L) 20 May 1994 (M) |
Accession | |
| Kenya | 1 July 1968 (W) | 11 June 1970 (M) | Ratification |
| Kiribati | 18 April 1985 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Kuwait | 15 August 1968 (M, W) 22 August 1968 (L) |
17 November 1989 (W) | Ratification |
| Kyrgyzstan | 5 July 1994 (M) | Accession | |
| Laos | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 20 February 1970 (M) 5 March 1970 (L, W) |
Ratification |
| Latvia | 31 January 1992 (L) | Accession | |
| Lebanon | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 15 July 1970 (L, M) 20 November 1970 (W) |
Ratification |
| Lesotho | 9 July 1968 (W) | 20 May 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Liberia | 1 July 1968 (W) | 5 March 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Libya | 18 July 1968 (L) 19 July 1968 (W) 23 July 1968 (M) |
26 May 1975 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Liechtenstein | 20 April 1978 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Lithuania | 23 September 1991 (W) | Accession | |
| Luxembourg | 14 August 1968 (L, M, W) | 2 May 1975 (L, W) 4 May 1975 (M) |
Ratification |
| Macedonia | 30 March 1995 (L) 12 April 1995 (W) |
Succession from Yugoslavia | |
| Madagascar | 22 August 1968 (W) | 8 October 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Malawi | 18 February 1986 (L) 19 February 1986 (W) 4 March 1986 (M) |
Accession | |
| Malaysia | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Maldives | 11 September 1968 (W) | 7 April 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Mali | 14 July 1969 (W) 15 July 1969 (M) |
10 February 1970 (M) 5 March 1970 (W) |
Ratification |
| Malta | 17 April 1969 (W) | 6 February 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Marshall Islands | 30 January 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Mauritania | 26 October 1993 (W) | Accession | |
| Mauritius | 1 July 1968 (W) | 8 April 1969 (W) 14 April 1969 (L) 25 April 1969 (M) |
Ratification |
| Mexico | 26 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 21 January 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Moldova | 11 October 1994 | Accession | |
| Monaco | 13 March 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Mongolia | 1 July 1968 (M) | 14 May 1969 (M) | Ratification |
| Montenegro | 3 June 2006 (M) | Accession[1] | |
| Morocco | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) |
27 November 1970 (M) 30 November 1970 (L) 16 December 1970 (W) |
Ratification |
| Mozambique | 4 September 1990 (M) 12 September 1990 (W) 20 September 1990 (L) |
Accession | |
| Myanmar | 2 December 1992 (L, W) | Accession | |
| Namibia | 2 October 1992 (L) 7 October 1992 (W) 9 October 1992 (M) |
Accession | |
| Nauru | 7 June 1982 (L) | Accession | |
| Nepal | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 January 1970 (W) 9 January 1970 (M) 3 February 1970 (L) |
Ratification |
| Netherlands | 20 August 1968 (L, M, W) | 2 May 1975 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| New Zealand | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 10 September 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Nicaragua | 1 July 1968 (L, W) | 6 March 1973 (W) | Ratification |
| Niger | 9 October 1992 (W) | Accession | |
| Nigeria | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 27 September 1968 (L) 7 October 1968 (W) 14 October 1968 (M) |
Ratification |
| Norway | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 February 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Oman | 23 January 1997 (W) | Accession | |
| Palau | 14 April 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| Panama | 1 July 1968 (W) | 13 January 1977 (W) | Ratification |
| Papua New Guinea | 13 January 1982 (L) 25 January 1982 (W) 16 February 1982 (M) |
Accession | |
| Paraguay | 1 July 1968 (W) | 4 February 1970 (W) 5 March 1970 (L) |
Ratification |
| Peru | 1 July 1968 (W) | 3 March 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Philippines | 1 July 1968 (W) 18 July 1968 (M) |
5 October 1972 (W) 16 October 1972 (L) 20 October 1972 (M) |
Ratification |
| Poland | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 12 June 1969 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Portugal | 15 December 1977 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Qatar | 3 April 1989 (L) 10 May 1989 (M) 13 June 1989 (W) |
Accession | |
| South Korea | 1 July 1968 (W) | 23 April 1975 (W) | Ratification |
| Romania | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 4 February 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Russia | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification as Soviet Union |
| Rwanda | 20 May 1975 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 6 November 1984 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Saint Lucia | 28 December 1979 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 6 November 1984 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Samoa | 17 March 1975 (M) 18 March 1975 (W) 26 March 1975 (L) |
Accession | |
| San Marino | 1 July 1968 (W) 29 July 1968 (L) 21 November 1867?[5] (M) |
10 August 1970 (L) 20 August 1970 (M) 31 August 1970 (W) |
Ratification |
| São Tomé and Príncipe | 20 July 1983 (M) | Accession | |
| Saudi Arabia | 3 October 1988 (W) | Accession | |
| Senegal | 1 July 1968 (M, W) 26 July 1968 (L) |
17 December 1970 (M) 22 December 1970 (W) 15 January 1971(L) |
Ratification |
| Serbia | 1 January 1993 (M) 5 September 2001 (W)[6] |
Succession from Yugoslavia Signed 10 July 1968 (L, M, W) Deposited 4 March 1970 (W), 5 March 1970 (L, M) |
|
| Seychelles | 12 March 1985 (L) 14 March 1985 (M) 8 April 1985 (W) |
Accession | |
| Sierra Leone | 26 February 1975 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Singapore | 5 February 1970 (L, M, W) | 10 March 1976 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Slovakia | 1 January 1993 (W) 17 April 1993 (L) 31 May 1993 (M) |
Succession from Czechoslovakia Signed 1 July 1968 Deposited 22 July 1969 |
|
| Slovenia | 7 April 1992 (L) 20 August 1992 (W) |
Succession from Yugoslavia | |
| Solomon Islands | 17 June 1981 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Somalia | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1970 (L) 12 November 1970 (W) |
Ratification |
| South Africa | 10 July 1991 (W) | Accession | |
| Spain | 5 November 1987 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| Sri Lanka | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1979 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Sudan | 24 December 1968 (M) | 31 October 1973 (W) 22 November 1973 (M) 10 December 1973 (L) |
Ratification |
| Suriname | 30 June 1976 (W) | Succession from Netherlands | |
| Swaziland | 24 June 1969 (L) | 11 December 1969 (L) 16 December 1969 (W) 12 January 1970 (M) |
Ratification |
| Sweden | 19 August 1968 (L, M, W) | 9 January 1970 (L, M) (W | Ratification |
| Switzerland | 27 November 1969 (L, M, W) | 9 March 1977 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Syria | 1 July 1968 (M) | 24 September 1968 (M) | Ratification |
| Tajikistan | 17 January 1994 (M) | Accession | |
| Tanzania | 31 May 1991 (L) 7 June 1991 (W) 18 June 1991 (M) |
Accession | |
| Thailand | 7 December 1972 (L) | Accession | |
| Timor-Leste | 5 May 2003 (W) | Accession | |
| Togo | 1 July 1968 (W) | 26 February 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Tonga | 7 July 1971 (L) 15 July 1971 (W) 24 August 1971 (M) |
Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 20 August 1968 (W) 22 August 1968 (L) |
30 October 1986 (L, W) | Ratification |
| Tunisia | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 26 February 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Turkey | 28 January 1969 (L, M, W) | 17 April 1980 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Turkmenistan | 29 September 1994 (W) | Accession | |
| Tuvalu | 19 January 1979 (L) | Succession from United Kingdom | |
| Uganda | 20 October 1982 (W) | Accession | |
| Ukraine | 5 December 1994 (L, M, W) | Accession | |
| United Arab Emirates | 26 September 1995 (W) | Accession | |
| United Kingdom | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 29 November 1968 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| United States | 1 July 1968 (L, M, W) | 5 March 1970 (L, M, W) | Ratification |
| Uruguay | 1 July 1968 (W) | 31 August 1970 (W) | Ratification |
| Uzbekistan | 7 May 1992 (M) | Accession | |
| Vanuatu | 24 August 1995 (L) | Accession | |
| Venezuela | 1 July 1968 (W) | 25 September 1975 (L) 26 September 1975 (W) 3 October 1975 (M) |
Ratification |
| Vietnam | 14 June 1982 (M) | Accession | |
| Yemen | 14 November 1968 (M) | 14 May 1986 (L) 1 June 1979(M) |
Ratification as North Yemen (L) and South Yemen (M) |
| Zambia | 15 May 1991 (W) 22 May 1991 (L) 5 July 1991 (M) |
Accession | |
| Zimbabwe | 26 September 1991 (L, M) 4 October 1991 (W) |
Accession |
| State | Signed | Deposited | Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Republic of China | 1 July 1968 | 27 January 1970 | Ratification |
| State | Deposited | Method | Withdrew | Effective |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Korea | 12 December 1985 (M) | Accession | 10 January 2003 | 10 April 2003[7] |
| State |
|---|
| India |
| Israel |
| Pakistan |